What is Covalent bond? Define Single, Double and Triple Covalent bond.

What is Covalent bond? 

Define Single, Double and Triple Covalent bond.

Covalent bond:

The elements of Group-13 to Group-17 when allowed to react with each other, they form a chemical bond by mutual sharing of their valence shell electrons. 

This type of bond, which is formed due to mutual sharing of electrons, is called a covalent bond.

The electrons that pair up to form a chemical bond are called 'bond pair' electrons.

When one electron is contributed by each bonded atom, one bond pair is formed and it forms a single covalent bond. While drawing the structure of such molecules the single bond pair is indicated by a line( _ )between those two atoms.

When each bonded atom contributes two electrons, two bond pairs are shared and a double covalent bond is formed. These bond pairs are indicated as double line (=)between those atoms in the structure of such molecules.

Triple Covalent Bonds

Triple covalent bonds occur when six electrons are shared between two atoms, and they are indicated by drawing three lines connecting one atom to another. 

It is important to note that only atoms with the need to gain or lose at least two valence electrons through sharing can participate in multiple bonds.

                                       Class Assessment

1.  One bond pair is formed and it forms a single covalent bond.

a) true

b) false

2.  Bonded atom contributes two electrons, two bond pairs are shared is a double covalent bond.

 a) true

b) false

3.  Outermost shell is known as the -------------.

a) electron

b) valence shell

c) both

4.  Most of the elements need eight electrons in their outermost shell in order to be stable, and this rule is known as the -----------------.

a) electron

b) proton

c) octet rule

5. The mutual sharing of electrons, is called a covalent bond. T

6. Triple covalent bonds occur when four electrons are shared between two atoms. F